Local Aldi and Lidl shops are being avoided by local residents because of their proximity to the 2 Sisters poultry processing plant which was forced to close after a coronavirus outbreak. Two hundred workers have since tested positive for Covid-19.
Concerns felt by those who know workers in the factory are common. Some told CNN that no one stayed home when they felt sick in the early days of the outbreak, because they would only receive sick salary according to the law which was worth around 20% of their salary. 2 Sister denied that their sick wage policy had anything to do with the plague.
There have been so many outbreaks in meat packing factories around the world that scientists are now examining whether the environment inside the plant can be part of the problem.
“We can all speculate, but I think there are three things that emerge: these people work very, very closely together, cold there and humid,” Dr. Thomas Kamradt, an immunologist and professor at the University Hospital at Friedrich-Schiller University in Jena, Germany.
Cold and wet environment
Some scientists have suggested that a cold and humid environment in plants can help spread the virus. “The bodies of these animals must be sprayed with water all the time, so you have aerosols, and it’s cold … that’s something that definitely deserves to be thoroughly investigated,” Kamradt said.
Without fresh air and
direct sunlightThe corona virus can last for hours, or even days, scientists say. Studies have shown the virus can last for up to three days on the surface of plastic and stainless steel, a common material in food processing plants. In the form of aerosols, they can last and are contagious for hours.
Rowland Kao, a professor of veterinary epidemiology and data science at the University of Edinburgh, also showed that experiments have shown that low temperatures produce higher levels of transmission of influenza and increase the survival of other corona viruses such as MERS. “Although this is not proven for Covid-19, a similar mechanism might apply,” he told the Science Media Center.
Important workers are packed at close range
Most experts say that social grouping and wearing masks are by far the most effective way to avoid spreading the virus. But keeping a distance is not always possible in factory settings.
James Wood, a professor at Cambridge Infectious Diseases, a research center at Cambridge University, said the epidemic in a food processing factory may be caused by a combination of factors “that can make them deadly.”
“People have to stand close to each other and shout to make themselves heard … You have people who work long hours with each other, all of which increases the risk of infection,” he said.
Shouting, singing and speaking out loud are expected to release more virus-laden droplets into the air. Most important, people can spread the virus unknowingly, without feeling sick.
Factory floors filled with workers who stand shoulder to shoulder are not unique to the food processing industry. What’s unique is it’s not like that
car assembly line and
aircraft factory, this factory remains open for business, even when social distance is not possible. They play an important role in food supply and closing many of them at the same time will cause food shortages and force farmers to
put their animals to sleep. In the US, President Donald Trump even issued
Executive orders force the meat factory open.
Vulnerable community
Outbreaks of meat plants have affected vulnerable communities, including migrants. Jobs in food processing factories are notoriously difficult and are among the lowest paid, which often makes it difficult for employers to find local staff.
“They are not very popular places to work, so often you end up with migrants or foreign workers who live in large communities around the factory and so you have the potential for transmission that occurs outside the factory or in the factory itself,” Wood said.
Most workers in this industry are often born abroad and come from a number of countries. More than two-thirds of the 75,000 workers employed in meat processing in Britain are migrant workers from elsewhere in Europe, according to the British Meat Processing Association. In the US, immigrants produce nearly 30% of all meat packing factory workers. In Germany, about a third.
Paddy McNaught, regional official for the Unite trade union in Wales, said workers in this industry often did not receive sick wages, another factor that could cause an outbreak. “So when you are in a situation like this, when you are paid low, you have little reserve income, you are more likely to take risks and go to work when you have temperature, rather than taking a break and isolating for 14 days,” he said. The industry must ensure that workers have sufficient protection to be able to take time off without suffering financially, he added.
Anna Stewart reports from Llangefni, Ivana Kottasova and Aleesha Khaliq writing from London and Derby, England.