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Passengers fly to LAX on COVID-19 in March; the public was not warned
When American Airlines 341 flight to Los Angeles was lifted off the runway at New York’s John F. Kennedy Airport on a cloudy Thursday in mid-March, most of the country had been locked up by a coronavirus. The flight was far from full, but 49 passengers and eight crew shared small rooms, cabin air and narrow passages for a six-hour trip.
Although no one knew then, a man in his first class, a retired Manhattan surgeon, was infected with the virus. The day after the flight, he was rushed by ambulance to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center with high fever and cough with phlegm. The virus spread quickly among people he had contacted within hours of leaving LAX, including in a facility assisted by Westside where a 32-year-old nurse and a dozen others later died.
LA. still in the early stages of a COVID-19 pandemic when surgeon flights landed, with fewer than 250 confirmed cases. Local health officials regularly assured the community at the time that the district was investigating each case and was involved in aggressive contact tracing to control the spread of the virus.
Despite these promises, no one in the public health field told anyone passengers and crew who flew across the country with surgeons that they were at risk. The airline recently learned about this case from The Times.
It was one of two long-haul flights to LAX in March identified by The Times where public health officials failed to warn passengers and crew who had flown in with someone who was later tested. COVID-positive. On another, March 8 flight from Seoul, the stricken passenger reported having a fever for days before boarding the plane and going to cardiac arrest the morning after he landed, becoming the first confirmed COVID-19 death in region A.
Without instructions to quarantine themselves or seek testing, more than 200 people on this flight returned to their families and communities who were unaware of their exposure, which could potentially transmit new outbreaks.
“My God,” said Dr. George Rutherford, previously a state epidemiologist for California, after hearing that passengers and crew were not contacted. “That’s a problem.”
Incorrect handling of these cases raises questions about how well public officials have been tracking contacts so far and whether they are ready for the expected uptick in the case when California reopens. The country currently has more than 140,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases.
Tracking sick passengers can be an easier process than investigating infected grocery store clerks or health workers who may have made contact with hundreds of foreigners. The airline maintains a detailed passenger list, seat assignments, and contact information, and the U.S. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has a well-established system to help the local health department obtain information and notify passengers seated near infected people.
A CDC spokesman said his records showed that in the LAX case, public health officer A. never told the agent about the flight so contact tracing could begin.
“Any delay in contacting people who are exposed will increase the likelihood of spreading the disease,” said a CDC spokesman.
The district health department said officials told the CDC office at LAX about South Korean flights. In the case of JFK flights, contact tracers closed the case after they were unable to contact the surgeon for an interview. The department currently has more than 1,500 contact tracers and plans to add more if cases increase.
“In March, whenever Public Health was aware that someone traveling with an airline that could potentially transmit COVID-19, he notified the CDC,” the department said in a statement to The Times..
Asiana Airlines Flight 202 departed from Seoul for LAX on March 8 carrying 154 passengers, including a 68-year-old from Florida and her husband.
Woman returning from a visit to the Philippines, and in his last days there, he complained that he felt unwell and had a fever. By the time he boarded a connecting flight in South Korea, it seemed lost because he passed the temperature check at the airport, according to his daughter, who requested that her mother’s name and name not be used for fear of being harassed.
After almost 11 hour flight, the woman went to a relative’s house in Walnut. The next morning, he stopped breathing. He died March 10, the first COVID-19 death confirmed in L.A. County Almost immediately, a representative of the public health department contacted his daughter to help reconstruct the mother’s last interaction. At the time of his death, there were only 17 known cases in the area.
“I feel this urgency,” his daughter recalled. “I talk on the phone every day with them for a week.”
The health department tracked down the man who picked up the woman and her husband from LAX, a relative’s relatives. His daughter said that he was later told to the driver, whose name he did not know, had died of COVID-19. Public health officials declined to provide details about their investigation, citing patient privacy.
Contact tracker asks for partner’s flight number and even asked for the assignment of his chair. But no health authority contacted Asiana Airlines to get the manifest of the flight or the Korean CDC partner, said a spokeswoman for both.
In the United States, the agents in charge seem to blame each other. A CDC spokesman said, “This flight is not in our contact inquiry database, and the CDC did not receive questions about this flight.” The district health department kept officials “informed of the CDC Quarantine Station at LAX according to protocol for potential follow-up.” The Times requested documentation of the notice. Regency does not provide.
A few months after the Florida woman’s death, her daughter was still thinking about other passengers on flights from Seoul. He asked his father recently whether his mother was wearing a mask. Most of the time, he said.
“I’m just worried about other people who might be infected. You feel all these mistakes, “he said.
Because the risk of infection is a function of closeness and length of exposure, air travelers are vulnerable to COVID-19 from fellow passengers, said epidemiologist David Engelthaler.
“Sitting in a closed environment for a long time only increases overall exposure,” said Engelthaler, head of the infectious disease group of the Arizona Translational Genomics Research Institute.
When a passenger travels when infected with a novel coronavirus, the CDC protocol is to notify those who sit within a six foot radius. Depending on the configuration, it can mean passengers in the same line together with two lines in front and two lines in the back.
But some scientists have criticized this standard as inadequate and potentially dangerous. One 2016 study found that for SARS and influenza, about half of those infected with the virus sat more than two rows away from infected people. On a three-hour flight from Hong Kong to Beijing in 2003, for example, a passenger with SARS infected two flight attendants and eighteen other passengers scattered throughout the aircraft.
In the case of LAX flights, “I will tell everyone on the flight that they have been exposed,” said Rutherford, a professor of epidemiology at UCSF. “We will encourage them to be tested, and we will investigate the people who sit closest … and make sure they are tested. “
Other jurisdictions have received broader warnings. When a passenger on a two-hour flight to Rochester, N.Y., from JFK got off with COVID-19 in mid-March, public health officials there made public announcement that everyone who boarded and whoever was at the airport at the time had to be aware of the symptoms.
At the beginning of the pandemic, public health officials were very focused on the airport because they were trying to control the virus. The first known case in L.A was detected January 22 at LAX. A man from Wuhan, China, who was connected through the airport with his family on his way home from a Mexican vacation told the Customs and Border Patrol agent he needed medical treatment and was then taken to a local hospital and diagnosed with a virus. Public health officials notify passengers who sit in two rows of infected people and instruct the airline to contact the crew. Men from Wuhan have finally recovered.
Since the pandemic began in the U.S., the CDC has facilitated 392 air travelers investigative tracking contacts. The agent refused to provide further details, and it was not clear if there were other flights that were not reported other than those identified by The Times.
When the surgeon ‘s flight landed on the night of March 19, the number of cases in L.A. County has reached 200, but the county still tells the public that it is capable of carrying out adequate searches.
“All confirmed cases are being isolated and close contacts are quarantined,” the area said in a press release later that day.
The 69-year-old surgeon flew to LA. so he can move to Silverado Beverly Place, the dementia care residence on the edge of the Fairfax district. His relatives did not return phone calls to ask for comments. The surgeon was the subject of trusteeship in February, and The Times did not mention his name because his mental competence was unclear.
Just before the flight, he was discharged from New York City hospital, according to a correspondence from Silverado and an interview. At that time, coronavirus spread rapidly in the city, including in medical facilities.
There was little effort to quarantine him from other residents as soon as he arrived at Silverado from the airport, according to three employees who remembered him having dinner at another resident’s company shortly after his arrival.
The nurse assigned to greet him, Brittany Bruner-Ringo, later told her mother, sister and colleague that the man had a fever and cough when he arrived. Silverado denied this and said medical records prepared by nurses showed he had no symptoms.
However, the following day, the doctor was clearly unwell with a temperature of 101.9 and “productive cough,” according to medical records. An employee who spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to speak in public said when he told him he needed to stay in his room because of a pandemic, he replied, “Yes, I know the situation. And I was really hot and had it, and I had to go to the hospital. ”
Taken to Cedars-Sinai, he was tested positive for COVID-19.
Passengers and crew on flights from New York are clear targets for contact tracing, but no one is trying to contact them. The district health department said it had not studied the surgeon’s positive test for 11 days, and at the time, “contact information provided for individuals was incomplete and investigators were unable to conduct interviews.” District officially closed the case after 14 days.
It is not clear why contact tracers will not turn to Silverado for information about surgeons. The facility submitted a report to the county within hours of testing positive, giving the sick man’s name, explaining his recent arrival and providing contact information for an administrator, according to the correspondence provided by Silverado. Not receiving a response, the administrator called again three days later and was told “we don’t need to do anything further at this time,” according to a Silverado spokesman.
The surgeon recovered, but Silverado saw the plague. To date, 90 residents and staff have been stricken with the virus and 13 have died, including Bruner-Ringo. A district spokesman said there was an “ongoing investigation” on the outbreak.
Times writer staff Victoria Kim in Seoul contributed to this report.
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Acrylic nails are a popular choice for those looking to add length, strength, and style to their natural nails. Whether you’re new to the world of acrylics or a seasoned nail enthusiast, there are always questions that arise about the application, maintenance, and overall care of these enhancements. This guide will answer all your acrylic nail questions to ensure your next manicure is a complete success.
What Are Acrylic Nails?
Acrylic nails are artificial nail enhancements made from a mixture of liquid monomer and powder polymer. When combined, they form a hard protective layer that can be molded into various shapes and lengths. Once hardened, they provide a durable and long-lasting canvas for nail polish, art, or simply a natural look. For more in-depth information, check out Acrylic Nail FAQs to get all the details you need before your next salon visit.
How Are Acrylic Nails Applied?
The application process of acrylic nails begins with the preparation of your natural nails. The nail technician will clean your nails, file them down, and apply a bonding agent to help the acrylic adhere. The acrylic mixture is then applied in thin layers, sculpted to the desired shape, and allowed to dry. Once set, the nails are filed, shaped, and buffed to a smooth finish.
Acrylic nails can be customized in terms of length and shape, making them a versatile choice for anyone looking to enhance their look.
How Long Do Acrylic Nails Last?
Typically, acrylic nails can last anywhere from two to three weeks before requiring a fill. During a fill, the nail technician will replace any grown-out acrylic and maintain the structure of the nails. With proper care, acrylic nails can be worn for extended periods, but it’s essential to give your natural nails a break occasionally to maintain nail health.
How Do You Care for Acrylic Nails?
Caring for acrylic nails is crucial to ensuring they last as long as possible and that your natural nails remain healthy underneath. Here are some essential tips:
- Avoid excessive water exposure: Prolonged exposure to water can weaken acrylic nails, making them prone to lifting or damage. When washing dishes or cleaning, consider wearing gloves to protect your nails.
- Moisturize cuticles regularly: The acrylic application process can sometimes dry out your cuticles. Regularly apply cuticle oil to keep your cuticles hydrated and prevent hangnails.
- Be gentle with your nails: Acrylics can be strong, but they’re not indestructible. Avoid using your nails as tools to open packages or scrape things, as this can lead to breakage.
- Schedule regular fills: As your natural nails grow, gaps will appear between the acrylic and your cuticles. Regular fills ensure your nails maintain a smooth, polished look and help prevent lifting.
How Do You Remove Acrylic Nails Safely?
Proper removal is crucial to avoid damaging your natural nails. It’s highly recommended to have acrylics removed by a professional at the salon. However, if you prefer to remove them at home, follow these steps:
- Soak in acetone: Start by soaking a cotton ball in acetone, then place it on each nail. Wrap your fingers in aluminum foil and allow the acetone to work for about 20 minutes.
- Gently scrape off the acrylic: After soaking, use a cuticle pusher or an orange stick to gently scrape off the softened acrylic. Be patient and avoid forcing the acrylic off, as this can damage your natural nails.
- Buff and moisturize: Once the acrylic is completely removed, buff your natural nails to smooth out any rough spots and apply cuticle oil to restore moisture.
Are Acrylic Nails Safe for Your Natural Nails?
When applied and removed properly, acrylic nails should not cause significant damage to your natural nails. However, improper removal or overuse without giving your nails time to breathe can lead to thinning, weakening, or breakage of your natural nails.
If you plan on wearing acrylic nails long-term, it’s a good idea to take breaks between applications and ensure you’re nourishing your nails with oils and treatments.
What Are the Best Acrylic Nail Shapes?
Choosing the right nail shape is essential for creating a look that complements your hands. Some of the most popular acrylic nail shapes include:
– Square: A straight-edged, classic look perfect for shorter nails.
– Oval: A soft, rounded shape that elongates the fingers.
– Coffin: Also known as ballerina shape, this trendy look features a tapered edge with a flat tip.
– Stiletto: A dramatic, pointy shape ideal for those who want a bold statement.
Each shape offers a unique aesthetic and can be tailored to suit your personal style.
Are There Any Alternatives to Acrylic Nails?
If you’re looking for a different type of nail enhancement, consider these alternatives:
– Gel nails: Gel nails offer a glossy finish and are cured under UV or LED light. They’re less rigid than acrylics and can feel more natural.
– Dip powder: This method involves dipping the nails into a colored powder and sealing them with a clear coat. It provides a similar look to acrylics but is generally less damaging to the natural nails.
Conclusion
Acrylic nails are a versatile and durable option for achieving customized, beautiful nails. By understanding the application process, knowing how to care for them, and safely removing them, you can enjoy long-lasting manicures that enhance your style. With the ability to choose from a variety of shapes and designs, acrylic nails offer endless possibilities for self-expression. Remember to take care of your natural nails in between applications to keep them healthy and strong. Whether you’re a first-time user or a seasoned pro, acrylic nails can be a fantastic way to express your personality and keep your nails looking flawless for weeks.
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When sanctions were imposed on Russia for its war against Ukraine, their objectives were twofold: to reduce Russian military capacity by limiting modern weapons and to lower Russian revenue streams. While in the beginning, the sanctions indeed weakened the Russian economy, they have fallen short of their initial objectives – mostly because Russia has found ways to circumvent many of them. The Kremlin has exploited international corruption, relied on foreign third parties, and utilized loopholes in trade restrictions. One such individual who allegedly provides services to Russian-linked companies is Jacqueline Troost Omvlee, a Geneva-based Dutch citizen.
Jacqueline Troost Omvlee is married to Niels Troost, an oil trader sanctioned by the United Kingdom. He and his company, Paramount Energy & Commodities SA, are among the 50 individuals and organizations blacklisted in response to the business connections with Russia. His wife, Jacqueline, helps to facilitate financial transactions for Niles Troost and Russian oligarchs including Gennady Timchenko, a Russian billionaire oil trader and Putin`s close associate.
Gennady Timchenko and his family have been sanctioned in many countries for backing the Kremlin’s war machine. However, with the help of Jacqueline Troost Omvlee, he seems to find ways to evade sanctions and continue his financial operations. In these illegal schemes, individuals like Jacqueline often serve as a front person for sanctioned oligarchs and their business assets. Russian-linked companies set up subsidiaries around the world, often registering new entities in offshore havens or countries where regulations are relatively lax or non-existent. To obfuscate the arrangements, the daughter companies spawn offspring in the form of subsidiaries, as the chain of concealment stretches on and on. The result is like a giant Matryoshka doll.
Jacqueline’s involvement in financial transactions that potentially support Timchenko’s interests raises significant concerns about the efficacy of Western sanctions. The fact that Jacqueline Troost Omvlee continues to operate without facing sanctions herself highlights a significant loophole in the enforcement mechanism. Various shady schemes and tactics designed to circumvent sanctions often hide the activity of individuals such as Jacqueline, making it difficult for authorities to detect and punish them for their involvement.
Jacqueline Troost Omvlee’s role in her husband’s financial dealings as well as her alleged ties to Russian business schemes, emphasizes the need for stronger international sanctions. Her actions not only aid in sanctions evasion but also diminish the overall effectiveness of the measures designed to isolate and pressure those supporting the Russian regime. Therefore, sanctioning Jacqueline Troost Omvlee is not only a matter of addressing her individual actions but also a necessary step to reinforce the credibility and effectiveness of the sanctions regime. By targeting individuals who play a key role in evading sanctions, authorities can send a strong message that efforts to undermine international sanctions will not go unpunished. This measure is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the sanctions system and ensuring that it achieves its intended goal of isolating and restraining those who support destabilizing activities.
European countries and the US need to expand their sanctions-tracking and investigative actions to improve the monitoring of sanctions compliance and to introduce new measures against systematic violators of law. The sanctioning states have the resources and capacity for this, and need to take action now.
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Ensuring a long and healthy life for your Hermann’s Tortoise requires a combination of proper care, nutrition, and habitat management. Hermann’s Tortoises, known for their charming personalities and distinctive shells, can live for several decades with the right conditions. Understanding their needs and providing a suitable environment is key to helping them thrive. Here’s how you can support your Hermann’s Tortoise in living a long, happy life.
Creating an Optimal Habitat
One of the most critical factors in promoting the longevity of your Hermann’s Tortoise is the creation of a suitable habitat. Providing an environment that mimics their natural surroundings is essential for their overall health. An appropriate habitat helps prevent stress and supports their well-being. For detailed guidance on setting up an ideal habitat, including specific requirements for outdoor enclosures, visit this comprehensive guide on Habitat for Hermann’s Tortoise.
- Outdoor Enclosure: Hermann’s Tortoises thrive in outdoor enclosures that provide ample space to roam, bask, and forage. An outdoor setup should include a secure, predator-proof area with access to natural sunlight. Incorporate areas for basking and shade to allow the tortoise to regulate its body temperature. Additionally, include plants, rocks, and hiding spots to simulate their natural habitat and encourage natural behaviors.
- Indoor Habitat: If an outdoor enclosure is not feasible, an indoor habitat can also support a long lifespan if set up correctly. Use a large, well-ventilated enclosure with appropriate heating and UVB lighting. Provide a substrate that allows for burrowing and offer various hiding spots and enrichment items.
Diet and Nutrition
A balanced diet is vital for maintaining the health and longevity of your Hermann’s Tortoise. They are primarily herbivores, and their diet should reflect their natural feeding habits.
- Leafy Greens: Offer a variety of leafy greens such as kale, collard greens, and dandelion greens. These vegetables provide essential vitamins and minerals that support overall health.
- Vegetables and Fruits: Supplement their diet with other vegetables like carrots, squash, and bell peppers. Fruits should be given in moderation due to their high sugar content.
- Calcium and Supplements: Provide a calcium supplement to support shell and bone health. A cuttlebone or powdered calcium can be added to their food. Ensure that they also have access to fresh, clean water at all times.
Regular Health Checks
Routine health checks are essential for early detection of potential health issues. Regular veterinary visits help ensure your tortoise remains in optimal condition and addresses any health concerns promptly.
- Observation: Monitor your tortoise’s behavior and physical condition regularly. Changes in appetite, weight, or activity level can indicate health problems.
- Preventative Care: Schedule annual check-ups with a veterinarian experienced in reptile care. Regular exams help catch any issues early and keep vaccinations and other preventative treatments up to date.
Environmental Enrichment
Providing environmental enrichment helps keep your Hermann’s Tortoise mentally stimulated and active. Enrichment can reduce stress and prevent boredom, contributing to a better quality of life.
- Foraging Opportunities: Hide food items around the enclosure to encourage natural foraging behavior. This not only provides mental stimulation but also mimics their natural hunting practices.
- Variety: Change the layout of their enclosure periodically and introduce new objects or plants to keep their environment interesting and engaging.
Conclusion
By focusing on creating the right habitat, providing a balanced diet, ensuring regular health checks, and offering environmental enrichment, you can significantly enhance the lifespan and well-being of your Hermann’s Tortoise. For further details on creating an ideal habitat, including tips for designing an outdoor enclosure, refer to this helpful guide on Habitat for Hermann’s Tortoise. Implementing these practices will help ensure that your tortoise enjoys a long, healthy life.
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