China signals a ‘new era’ for architecture with a ban on supertall skyscrapers and imitation buildings

Published

5 years ago

June 7, 2020

China signals a 'new era' for architecture with a ban on supertall skyscrapers and imitation buildings

Written by Oscar Holland, CNN

The end of the “copycat” building and the prohibition of skyscrapers more than 500 meters (1,640 ft) high are among the Chinese government’s new guidelines for architects, property developers and urban planners.

Describe what he calls “the new era” for Chinese cities, a round issued by the country’s housing ministry and the National Development and Reform Commission earlier this year also proposed other steps to ensure buildings “embody the spirit” of their environment and “accentuate Chinese characteristics.”

With height restrictions already in place in places like Beijing, and 2016 government directives calling for an end to the “big, xenosentric, strange” buildings, the guidelines seem to formalize the changes that are already taking place.

The Ping An Finance Center Shenzhen is currently the fourth tallest building in the world. Credit: ANTHONY WALLACE / AFP / Getty Images

But according to Chinese architectural experts, some less interesting suggestions – such as requests for protection of inheritance, a credit system for designers and the appointment of major architects – might signal finer evolution in the way Chinese cities are planned.

“The document is really not just about height,” Li Shiqiao, an Asian architecture professor at the University of Virginia, said in a telephone interview. “It’s about Chinese culture, city context, city spirit and the appearance of modernity.”

“This has been a lot in academic discussions, but somehow it hasn’t been in government documents until now.”

Cut to size

Of the 10 complete buildings measuring above 500 meters worldwide, half are found in mainland China.

Among them are the second tallest skyscraper on the planet, the twisted Shanghai Tower 632 meters (2,073 feet) high, and the Ping An Financial Center in Shenzhen, which is 599 meters (1,965 feet) from the base to the tip.

In the past two years, they have joined the Beijing Citic Tower and the Tianjin CTF Financial Center, each of the seventh and ninth tallest buildings in the world. But the surge against the surging skyscraper has changed for some time.

The number of new buildings measuring 200 meters (656 ft) or more in China fell by almost 40% last year, according to construction data from the Council for Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH). In downtown Beijing’s Central Business District, height restrictions have already been applied to the new proposal – hats are only 180 meters (591 feet) according report 2018 by property company Jones Lang LaSalle.

Elsewhere in the country, the Wuhan Greenland Center is projected to cut the height from 636 meters (2,087 feet) to under 500 – a decision made in 2018, after construction began, requires significant redesign – with local media citing airspace regulations. The Suzhou Hungnam Center has planned cuts from 729 meters (2,392 feet) to 499 meters (1,637 feet), with upcoming skyscrapers in the cities of Chengdu and Shenyang also “suffering the same fate,” according to the government-run tabloid. Global Times.

Ship-shaped ‘supertall’ skyscrapers change the Beijing skyline

Fei Chen, a senior architecture professor at Liverpool University in England, described the 500-meter boundary as “very arbitrary,” adding that the 499-meter skyscraper was “a building that is still very, very high.” But the new document confirms increasing intolerance towards buildings that are “out of scale or out of context,” he said.

Chen also expressed official concern about the use of “reckless” tall buildings, where expensive and unprofitable towers were used by real estate companies to mark their development – or by local governments to put their cities on the map.

“(The guideline) responds to an identity crisis that we have all noticed since the 1980s, when cities began to borrow standards and types of buildings from an international context,” he said in a telephone interview. “And since the 1990s, cities have been promoted as competitive in the market through the construction of landmarks and large public buildings.”

As such, these new restrictions concern economics and design. Above a certain height, the cost of building a skyscraper increases exponentially with each additional floor. The Chinese ceiling is now filled with unfinished towers due to slowing economic growth and developers facing credit pressure.

Workers at the top of the Wuhan Greenland Center, which are still not completed eight years after construction began. Credit: STR / AFP / Getty Images

Based on CTBUH data, some 70 Chinese buildings that were supposed to stand over 200 meters are currently “detained,” after starting construction. Three of them are estimated to be more than 500 meters in size, including surging Goldin Finance 117, which erupted more than a decade ago. The Greenland Center previously mentioned in Wuhan has stood unresolved and has largely been untouched since 2017, despite the planned height being reduced.

In Li’s view, the government’s new steps symbolize a “new paradigm” for Chinese cities – which are less dependent on marketable skyscrapers and speculative financing. To illustrate this change, he compared the Pudong district of Shanghai, the soaring financial district that has risen almost from zero in the last two decades, to Xiongan, a new city being built 100 kilometers southwest of Beijing. Not like Pudong, the new one 2.5 million people are satellite cities will be relatively low, with the property market tightly controlled by the state.

“If you consider Pudong as the paradigm of Chinese urbanization from 2000 to today, then you see Xiongan – which is not dominated by real estate speculation or iconic buildings – as a new paradigm … then that is a very amazing change we are witnessing.”

New framework

But Li stated that limiting the height of 500 meters was, from an academic point of view, “perhaps the least interesting” from the new government guidelines.

Elsewhere, the circular contains a number of other steps, including a ban on “plagiarism, imitation and imitation behavior.” The Chinese-owned Eiffel Tower and London-inspired Thames Town outside Shanghai are two more extreme – and ridiculed – examples of how imitation architecture developed rapidly in the 2000s.

The Eiffel Tower replica in Tianducheng, a luxury real estate development in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. Credit: JOHANNES EISELE / AFP / Getty Images

This official shift, once again, might only reflect changes in design culture in China. But explicit bans on plagiarism continue to prove useful in countries where “the level of quality varies greatly,” Chen said.

“There is already recognition in the architecture industry that (copying) is not accepted,” he said. “But China is very big, and some cities are better than others.

“In the east coast cities, or more developed areas, architects have better design skills, so they produce better buildings. But in rural cities you still see buildings that mimic other people’s styles or architectural languages, and it does not produce very good design. “

Government documents also propose a credit system – and, conversely, a blacklist – for architects, to encourage compliance with planning laws and regulations. This warns against the destruction of historic buildings, traditional architecture or even old trees to make way for new developments, a step in line with the increasing emphasis on preserving heritage in China. (Two Shanghai art museums, which were made from unused industrial oil tanks and old power plants, are among the recent high-profile renovation projects in a country that was once known to indiscriminately knock down old buildings).

But one of the new suggestions the government proposed was something completely new in China: the chief architect for each city.

Moscow and Barcelona are among the cities that have appointed an individual to approve or veto new proposals. Li welcomed the idea as a way to ensure the design was appropriate for the overall urban context.

“The doubt is whether ensuring uniformity means that a city can be predictable and unattractive, or whether you really maintain a certain level of creativity,” he added. “But we have a new generation (Chinese designers) who are great at maintaining urban structures and creating very interesting architecture. The key is to institutionalize a system that guarantees that process.”

The city skyline of Chongqing, in southwest China. Credit: Wang Zhao / AFP / Getty Images

How – or even whether – more exploratory government advice begins to produce results remains to be seen. The new guidelines provide a broad framework for cities, but better details must be completed at the local level, said Chen, whose research focuses on urban planning in China.

Characterizing a circle as a series of red lines that must not be crossed (more “no” than “dos”), he also suggested that work was still needed to positively articulate what constituted good design.

“There are policies and documents that talk about what you are should not do … which is a good thing, but they never say what you are Should do, “he explained.” Urban architects and designers might benefit from fairly specific guidelines about what design is good.

“But this needs to be linked to the local context, so I would not expect national governments to produce guidelines like this. What works in one context might not work in another context.”

Goodwin Townsend

General internet buff. Hardcore music maven. Typical foodaholic. Friendly student.

All Your Acrylic Nail Questions Answered: From Application to Care

Published

2 months ago

October 16, 2024

Herb Adkins

Acrylic nails are a popular choice for those looking to add length, strength, and style to their natural nails. Whether you’re new to the world of acrylics or a seasoned nail enthusiast, there are always questions that arise about the application, maintenance, and overall care of these enhancements. This guide will answer all your acrylic nail questions to ensure your next manicure is a complete success.

What Are Acrylic Nails?

Acrylic nails are artificial nail enhancements made from a mixture of liquid monomer and powder polymer. When combined, they form a hard protective layer that can be molded into various shapes and lengths. Once hardened, they provide a durable and long-lasting canvas for nail polish, art, or simply a natural look. For more in-depth information, check out Acrylic Nail FAQs to get all the details you need before your next salon visit.

How Are Acrylic Nails Applied?

The application process of acrylic nails begins with the preparation of your natural nails. The nail technician will clean your nails, file them down, and apply a bonding agent to help the acrylic adhere. The acrylic mixture is then applied in thin layers, sculpted to the desired shape, and allowed to dry. Once set, the nails are filed, shaped, and buffed to a smooth finish.

Acrylic nails can be customized in terms of length and shape, making them a versatile choice for anyone looking to enhance their look.

How Long Do Acrylic Nails Last?

Typically, acrylic nails can last anywhere from two to three weeks before requiring a fill. During a fill, the nail technician will replace any grown-out acrylic and maintain the structure of the nails. With proper care, acrylic nails can be worn for extended periods, but it’s essential to give your natural nails a break occasionally to maintain nail health.

How Do You Care for Acrylic Nails?

Caring for acrylic nails is crucial to ensuring they last as long as possible and that your natural nails remain healthy underneath. Here are some essential tips:

Avoid excessive water exposure: Prolonged exposure to water can weaken acrylic nails, making them prone to lifting or damage. When washing dishes or cleaning, consider wearing gloves to protect your nails.
Moisturize cuticles regularly: The acrylic application process can sometimes dry out your cuticles. Regularly apply cuticle oil to keep your cuticles hydrated and prevent hangnails.
Be gentle with your nails: Acrylics can be strong, but they’re not indestructible. Avoid using your nails as tools to open packages or scrape things, as this can lead to breakage.
Schedule regular fills: As your natural nails grow, gaps will appear between the acrylic and your cuticles. Regular fills ensure your nails maintain a smooth, polished look and help prevent lifting.

How Do You Remove Acrylic Nails Safely?

Proper removal is crucial to avoid damaging your natural nails. It’s highly recommended to have acrylics removed by a professional at the salon. However, if you prefer to remove them at home, follow these steps:

Soak in acetone: Start by soaking a cotton ball in acetone, then place it on each nail. Wrap your fingers in aluminum foil and allow the acetone to work for about 20 minutes.
Gently scrape off the acrylic: After soaking, use a cuticle pusher or an orange stick to gently scrape off the softened acrylic. Be patient and avoid forcing the acrylic off, as this can damage your natural nails.
Buff and moisturize: Once the acrylic is completely removed, buff your natural nails to smooth out any rough spots and apply cuticle oil to restore moisture.

Are Acrylic Nails Safe for Your Natural Nails?

When applied and removed properly, acrylic nails should not cause significant damage to your natural nails. However, improper removal or overuse without giving your nails time to breathe can lead to thinning, weakening, or breakage of your natural nails.

If you plan on wearing acrylic nails long-term, it’s a good idea to take breaks between applications and ensure you’re nourishing your nails with oils and treatments.

What Are the Best Acrylic Nail Shapes?

Choosing the right nail shape is essential for creating a look that complements your hands. Some of the most popular acrylic nail shapes include:

– Square: A straight-edged, classic look perfect for shorter nails.

– Oval: A soft, rounded shape that elongates the fingers.

– Coffin: Also known as ballerina shape, this trendy look features a tapered edge with a flat tip.

– Stiletto: A dramatic, pointy shape ideal for those who want a bold statement.

Each shape offers a unique aesthetic and can be tailored to suit your personal style.

Are There Any Alternatives to Acrylic Nails?

If you’re looking for a different type of nail enhancement, consider these alternatives:

– Gel nails: Gel nails offer a glossy finish and are cured under UV or LED light. They’re less rigid than acrylics and can feel more natural.

– Dip powder: This method involves dipping the nails into a colored powder and sealing them with a clear coat. It provides a similar look to acrylics but is generally less damaging to the natural nails.

Conclusion

Acrylic nails are a versatile and durable option for achieving customized, beautiful nails. By understanding the application process, knowing how to care for them, and safely removing them, you can enjoy long-lasting manicures that enhance your style. With the ability to choose from a variety of shapes and designs, acrylic nails offer endless possibilities for self-expression. Remember to take care of your natural nails in between applications to keep them healthy and strong. Whether you’re a first-time user or a seasoned pro, acrylic nails can be a fantastic way to express your personality and keep your nails looking flawless for weeks.

Herb Adkins

Proud web evangelist. Travel ninja. Creator. Freelance food nerd. Passionate bacon fanatic.

Jacqueline Troost Omvlee – A Tool in the Hands of the Russian Elite

Published

3 months ago

September 26, 2024

Herb Adkins

When sanctions were imposed on Russia for its war against Ukraine, their objectives were twofold: to reduce Russian military capacity by limiting modern weapons and to lower Russian revenue streams. While in the beginning, the sanctions indeed weakened the Russian economy, they have fallen short of their initial objectives – mostly because Russia has found ways to circumvent many of them. The Kremlin has exploited international corruption, relied on foreign third parties, and utilized loopholes in trade restrictions. One such individual who allegedly provides services to Russian-linked companies is Jacqueline Troost Omvlee, a Geneva-based Dutch citizen.

Jacqueline Troost Omvlee is married to Niels Troost, an oil trader sanctioned by the United Kingdom. He and his company, Paramount Energy & Commodities SA, are among the 50 individuals and organizations blacklisted in response to the business connections with Russia. His wife, Jacqueline, helps to facilitate financial transactions for Niles Troost and Russian oligarchs including Gennady Timchenko, a Russian billionaire oil trader and Putin`s close associate.

Gennady Timchenko and his family have been sanctioned in many countries for backing the Kremlin’s war machine. However, with the help of Jacqueline Troost Omvlee, he seems to find ways to evade sanctions and continue his financial operations. In these illegal schemes, individuals like Jacqueline often serve as a front person for sanctioned oligarchs and their business assets. Russian-linked companies set up subsidiaries around the world, often registering new entities in offshore havens or countries where regulations are relatively lax or non-existent. To obfuscate the arrangements, the daughter companies spawn offspring in the form of subsidiaries, as the chain of concealment stretches on and on. The result is like a giant Matryoshka doll.

Jacqueline’s involvement in financial transactions that potentially support Timchenko’s interests raises significant concerns about the efficacy of Western sanctions. The fact that Jacqueline Troost Omvlee continues to operate without facing sanctions herself highlights a significant loophole in the enforcement mechanism. Various shady schemes and tactics designed to circumvent sanctions often hide the activity of individuals such as Jacqueline, making it difficult for authorities to detect and punish them for their involvement.

Jacqueline Troost Omvlee’s role in her husband’s financial dealings as well as her alleged ties to Russian business schemes, emphasizes the need for stronger international sanctions. Her actions not only aid in sanctions evasion but also diminish the overall effectiveness of the measures designed to isolate and pressure those supporting the Russian regime. Therefore, sanctioning Jacqueline Troost Omvlee is not only a matter of addressing her individual actions but also a necessary step to reinforce the credibility and effectiveness of the sanctions regime. By targeting individuals who play a key role in evading sanctions, authorities can send a strong message that efforts to undermine international sanctions will not go unpunished. This measure is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the sanctions system and ensuring that it achieves its intended goal of isolating and restraining those who support destabilizing activities.

European countries and the US need to expand their sanctions-tracking and investigative actions to improve the monitoring of sanctions compliance and to introduce new measures against systematic violators of law. The sanctioning states have the resources and capacity for this, and need to take action now.

Herb Adkins

Proud web evangelist. Travel ninja. Creator. Freelance food nerd. Passionate bacon fanatic.

Hermann’s Tortoise Lifespan: How to Ensure a Long, Healthy Life

Published

3 months ago

September 16, 2024

Herb Adkins

Ensuring a long and healthy life for your Hermann’s Tortoise requires a combination of proper care, nutrition, and habitat management. Hermann’s Tortoises, known for their charming personalities and distinctive shells, can live for several decades with the right conditions. Understanding their needs and providing a suitable environment is key to helping them thrive. Here’s how you can support your Hermann’s Tortoise in living a long, happy life.

Creating an Optimal Habitat

One of the most critical factors in promoting the longevity of your Hermann’s Tortoise is the creation of a suitable habitat. Providing an environment that mimics their natural surroundings is essential for their overall health. An appropriate habitat helps prevent stress and supports their well-being. For detailed guidance on setting up an ideal habitat, including specific requirements for outdoor enclosures, visit this comprehensive guide on Habitat for Hermann’s Tortoise.

Outdoor Enclosure: Hermann’s Tortoises thrive in outdoor enclosures that provide ample space to roam, bask, and forage. An outdoor setup should include a secure, predator-proof area with access to natural sunlight. Incorporate areas for basking and shade to allow the tortoise to regulate its body temperature. Additionally, include plants, rocks, and hiding spots to simulate their natural habitat and encourage natural behaviors.
Indoor Habitat: If an outdoor enclosure is not feasible, an indoor habitat can also support a long lifespan if set up correctly. Use a large, well-ventilated enclosure with appropriate heating and UVB lighting. Provide a substrate that allows for burrowing and offer various hiding spots and enrichment items.

Diet and Nutrition

A balanced diet is vital for maintaining the health and longevity of your Hermann’s Tortoise. They are primarily herbivores, and their diet should reflect their natural feeding habits.

Leafy Greens: Offer a variety of leafy greens such as kale, collard greens, and dandelion greens. These vegetables provide essential vitamins and minerals that support overall health.
Vegetables and Fruits: Supplement their diet with other vegetables like carrots, squash, and bell peppers. Fruits should be given in moderation due to their high sugar content.
Calcium and Supplements: Provide a calcium supplement to support shell and bone health. A cuttlebone or powdered calcium can be added to their food. Ensure that they also have access to fresh, clean water at all times.

Regular Health Checks

Routine health checks are essential for early detection of potential health issues. Regular veterinary visits help ensure your tortoise remains in optimal condition and addresses any health concerns promptly.

Observation: Monitor your tortoise’s behavior and physical condition regularly. Changes in appetite, weight, or activity level can indicate health problems.
Preventative Care: Schedule annual check-ups with a veterinarian experienced in reptile care. Regular exams help catch any issues early and keep vaccinations and other preventative treatments up to date.

Environmental Enrichment

Providing environmental enrichment helps keep your Hermann’s Tortoise mentally stimulated and active. Enrichment can reduce stress and prevent boredom, contributing to a better quality of life.

Foraging Opportunities: Hide food items around the enclosure to encourage natural foraging behavior. This not only provides mental stimulation but also mimics their natural hunting practices.
Variety: Change the layout of their enclosure periodically and introduce new objects or plants to keep their environment interesting and engaging.

Conclusion

By focusing on creating the right habitat, providing a balanced diet, ensuring regular health checks, and offering environmental enrichment, you can significantly enhance the lifespan and well-being of your Hermann’s Tortoise. For further details on creating an ideal habitat, including tips for designing an outdoor enclosure, refer to this helpful guide on Habitat for Hermann’s Tortoise. Implementing these practices will help ensure that your tortoise enjoys a long, healthy life.

Herb Adkins

Proud web evangelist. Travel ninja. Creator. Freelance food nerd. Passionate bacon fanatic.