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The Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded for work on quantum mechanics

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The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the 2022 Nobel Prize Physics to Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger,” they said today.

Frenchman Alain Aspect, American John Clauser and Austrian Anton Zeilinger have distinguished themselves with their discoveries in the field of “the power of quantum mechanics,” said the secretary general of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm.

The Nobel jury said the three researchers, pioneers in the study of the revolutionary mechanisms of quantum physics, have been recognized for their groundbreaking work on “quantum entanglement,” a state of matter in which two particles are perfectly correlated, regardless of the distance between them. them. .

“Quantum informatics is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field,” said Eva Olsson, a member of the Nobel Committee, explaining that it “has wide and potential implications in areas such as the secure transmission of information (data encryption), quantum computing, and discovery.” technology”.

Eva Olson said that while physicists often solve problems that at first glance seem far removed from everyday concerns—tiny particles and the vast mysteries of space and time—their research provides the basis for many of the practical applications of science.

This complex and sometimes illogical mechanics, the study of which is now awarded, was predicted by quantum theory, but not even Albert Einstein believed in it, in the existence of two particles connected at the beginning, like twins, capable of maintaining a mark of their common past and having a similar and coordinated behavior at a distance.

Alain Aspect, associated with the French University of Paris-Saclay, is 75, John Clauser is 79 and Anton Zeilinger of the University of Vienna is 77.

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According to the Academy, the laureates have “performed pioneering experiments using entangled quantum states, in which two particles behave as one even when separated. The results have paved the way for new technologies based on quantum information.”

Anton Zeilinger’s research team “demonstrated a phenomenon called quantum teleportation, which allows a quantum state to be moved from one particle to another at a distance.”

In turn, Alain Aspect “designed a configuration to close an important gap. He was able to change the definitions of the dimension after the entangled pair left their source, so the definition that existed at the time they were issued could not affect the result.”

John Clauser “created a device that simultaneously emitted two entangled photons, each of which was directed to a filter that checked its polarization. The result was a clear violation of Bell’s inequality and agreement with the predictions of quantum mechanics.”

Last year, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to three scientists, Shukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi, whose work helped explain and predict the complex forces of nature, contributing to the understanding of climate change.

prize Medicine Yesterday the Nobel Prize week began, today followed by the prize in physics, on Wednesday – in chemistry, and on Thursday – in literature. The 2022 Nobel Peace Prize will be announced on Friday, while the Economics Prize will be announced on October 10.

The Nobel Prizes were born out of the desire of the Swedish scientist and industrialist Alfred Nobel (1833-1896) to bequeath the bulk of his fortune to people who work for a “better world”. The international prestige of the Nobel Prizes is largely due to the amounts awarded, which currently amount to ten million Swedish kronor (over 953,000 euros).

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Vladimir Putin has delayed the invasion of Ukraine at least three times.

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Putin has repeatedly consulted with Russian Chief of the General Staff Valery Gerasimov and Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu about the invasion, Europa Press told Ukraine’s chief intelligence director Vadim Skibitsky.

According to Skibitsky, it was the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB), which is responsible for counterintelligence and espionage work, that put pressure on Gerasimov and other military agencies to agree to launch an offensive. .

However, according to the Ukrainian intelligence services, the FSB considered that by the end of February sufficient preparations had already been made to guarantee the success of the Russian Armed Forces in a lightning invasion.

However, according to Kyiv, the Russian General Staff provided the Russian troops with supplies and ammunition for only three days, hoping that the offensive would be swift and immediately successful.

The head of Ukrainian intelligence also emphasized the cooperation of local residents, who always provided the Ukrainian authorities with up-to-date information about the Russian army, such as the number of soldiers or the exact location of troops.

The military offensive launched on February 24 by Russia in Ukraine caused at least 6.5 million internally displaced persons and more than 7.8 million refugees to European countries, which is why the UN classifies this migration crisis as the worst in Europe since World War II (1939-1945). gg.). ).

At the moment, 17.7 million Ukrainians are in need of humanitarian assistance, and 9.3 million are in need of food aid and housing.

The UN has presented as confirmed 6,755 civilian deaths and 10,607 wounded since the beginning of the war, stressing that these figures are much lower than the real ones.

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Life sentence for former Swedish official for spying for Russia

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A Stockholm court on Monday sentenced a former Swedish intelligence officer to life in prison for spying for Russia, and his brother to at least 12 years in prison. In what is considered one of the most serious cases in Swedish counterintelligence history, much of the trial took place behind closed doors in the name of national security.

According to the prosecution, it was Russian military intelligence, the GRU, who took advantage of the information provided by the two brothers between 2011 and their arrest at the end of 2021.

Peyman Kia, 42, has held many senior positions in the Swedish security apparatus, including the army and his country’s intelligence services (Säpo). His younger brother, Payam, 35, is accused of “participating in the planning” of the plot and of “managing contacts with Russia and the GRU, including passing on information and receiving financial rewards.”

Both men deny the charges, and their lawyers have demanded an acquittal on charges of “aggravated espionage,” according to the Swedish news agency TT.

The trial coincides with another case of alleged Russian espionage, with the arrest of the Russian-born couple in late November in a suburb of Stockholm by a police team arriving at dawn in a Blackhawk helicopter.

Research website Bellingcat identified them as Sergei Skvortsov and Elena Kulkova. The couple allegedly acted as sleeper agents for Moscow, having moved to Sweden in the late 1990s.

According to Swedish press reports, the couple ran companies specializing in the import and export of electronic components and industrial technology.

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The man was again detained at the end of November for “illegal intelligence activities.” His partner, suspected of being an accomplice, has been released but remains under investigation.

According to Swedish authorities, the arrests are not related to the trial of the Kia brothers.

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Ukraine admitted that Russia may announce a general mobilization

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“They can strengthen their positions. We understand that this can happen. At the same time, we do not rule out that they will announce a general mobilization,” Danilov said in an interview with the Ukrainska Pravda online publication.

Danilov believed that this mobilization would also be convened “to exterminate as many as possible” of Russian citizens, so that “they would no longer have any problems on their territory.”

In this sense, Danilov also reminded that Russia has not given up on securing control over Kyiv or the idea of ​​the complete “destruction” of Ukraine. “We have to be ready for anything,” he said.

“I want everyone to understand that [os russos] they have not given up on the idea of ​​destroying our nation. If they don’t have Kyiv in their hands, they won’t have anything in their hands, we must understand this,” continued Danilov, who also did not rule out that a new Russian offensive would come from “Belarus and other territories.” .

As such, Danilov praised the decision of many of its residents who chose to stay in the Ukrainian capital when the war broke out in order to defend the city.

“They expected that there would be panic, that people would run, that there would be nothing to protect Kyiv,” he added, referring to President Volodymyr Zelensky.

The military offensive launched on February 24 by Russia in Ukraine caused at least 6.5 million internally displaced persons and more than 7.8 million refugees to European countries, which is why the UN classifies this migration crisis as the worst in Europe since World War II (1939-1945). gg.). ).

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At the moment, 17.7 million Ukrainians are in need of humanitarian assistance, and 9.3 million are in need of food aid and housing.

The Russian invasion, justified by Russian President Vladimir Putin on the need to “denazify” and demilitarize Ukraine for Russia’s security, was condemned by the international community at large, which responded by sending weapons to Ukraine and imposing political and economic sanctions on Russia.

The UN has presented as confirmed 6,755 civilian deaths and 10,607 wounded since the beginning of the war, stressing that these figures are much lower than the real ones.

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