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Scientists from the Instituto Dom Luiz and IPMA uncover the phenomenon that caused the global spread of the tsunami in Tonga.

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The atmospheric acoustic gravity wave caused by the massive explosion of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano in the South Pacific on January 15 was the source of a global tsunami. The conclusion was made by a team of researchers from the Dom Luis Institute, the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the University of Lisbon and the Portuguese Institute of the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA).

Using a combination of sea level data, atmospheric and satellite images from various parts of the globe, to which they applied numerical and analytical models, the scientists demonstrated that “the tsunami was caused by a constantly moving source in which acoustic gravity waves were emitted. eruptions excite the ocean and transfer energy to it through resonance, ”says a study published in the journal Nature under the title “Global tsunami in Tonga attributed to fast moving atmospheric source”.

The coincidence between the tsunami and the time of arrival of these acoustic-gravity waves confirms, according to the researchers, the existence of a direct connection between these two phenomena. “The massive volcanic explosion created noticeable atmospheric waves and an exceptionally fast global tsunami,” comments lead author Rashid Omira, researcher at Instituto Dom Luiz and IPMA.

The geophysicist cites as an example the fact that the tsunami hit the coast of Portugal, on the opposite side of the planet (more than 17 thousand kilometers), “ten hours earlier than expected”, crossing the oceans and causing sea waves of amazing sizes. , has remote areas.

“This was the first time that a tsunami caused by a volcanic eruption was recorded on a global scale with modern and dense equipment around the world, which provided a unique opportunity to study the processes of interaction between air and water during its occurrence and propagation,” says Omira.

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Volcanic eruptions usually cause tsunamis but are now less likely to have transoceanic effects. In Portugal, according to IPMA information released at the time, “sea level changes” were observed in the Azores, Madeira and the mainland. In Ponta Delgada, the water level rose by 40 cm, in Peniche by 39 cm, and in Funchal by 20 cm.

“This tsunami spread across different oceans, including the Atlantic, while sea level fluctuations were observed at almost all mareographic stations operating on the Portuguese coast, fluctuations with an amplitude of less than half a meter,” IPMA then said.

The eruption of an underwater volcano a few kilometers from Tonga raised a cloud of ash and gases into the sky, reaching a height of 20 kilometers. Tsunami waves damaged New Zealand, Chile, Peru and the United States.

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Vladimir Putin has delayed the invasion of Ukraine at least three times.

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Putin has repeatedly consulted with Russian Chief of the General Staff Valery Gerasimov and Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu about the invasion, Europa Press told Ukraine’s chief intelligence director Vadim Skibitsky.

According to Skibitsky, it was the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB), which is responsible for counterintelligence and espionage work, that put pressure on Gerasimov and other military agencies to agree to launch an offensive. .

However, according to the Ukrainian intelligence services, the FSB considered that by the end of February sufficient preparations had already been made to guarantee the success of the Russian Armed Forces in a lightning invasion.

However, according to Kyiv, the Russian General Staff provided the Russian troops with supplies and ammunition for only three days, hoping that the offensive would be swift and immediately successful.

The head of Ukrainian intelligence also emphasized the cooperation of local residents, who always provided the Ukrainian authorities with up-to-date information about the Russian army, such as the number of soldiers or the exact location of troops.

The military offensive launched on February 24 by Russia in Ukraine caused at least 6.5 million internally displaced persons and more than 7.8 million refugees to European countries, which is why the UN classifies this migration crisis as the worst in Europe since World War II (1939-1945). gg.). ).

At the moment, 17.7 million Ukrainians are in need of humanitarian assistance, and 9.3 million are in need of food aid and housing.

The UN has presented as confirmed 6,755 civilian deaths and 10,607 wounded since the beginning of the war, stressing that these figures are much lower than the real ones.

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Life sentence for former Swedish official for spying for Russia

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A Stockholm court on Monday sentenced a former Swedish intelligence officer to life in prison for spying for Russia, and his brother to at least 12 years in prison. In what is considered one of the most serious cases in Swedish counterintelligence history, much of the trial took place behind closed doors in the name of national security.

According to the prosecution, it was Russian military intelligence, the GRU, who took advantage of the information provided by the two brothers between 2011 and their arrest at the end of 2021.

Peyman Kia, 42, has held many senior positions in the Swedish security apparatus, including the army and his country’s intelligence services (Säpo). His younger brother, Payam, 35, is accused of “participating in the planning” of the plot and of “managing contacts with Russia and the GRU, including passing on information and receiving financial rewards.”

Both men deny the charges, and their lawyers have demanded an acquittal on charges of “aggravated espionage,” according to the Swedish news agency TT.

The trial coincides with another case of alleged Russian espionage, with the arrest of the Russian-born couple in late November in a suburb of Stockholm by a police team arriving at dawn in a Blackhawk helicopter.

Research website Bellingcat identified them as Sergei Skvortsov and Elena Kulkova. The couple allegedly acted as sleeper agents for Moscow, having moved to Sweden in the late 1990s.

According to Swedish press reports, the couple ran companies specializing in the import and export of electronic components and industrial technology.

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The man was again detained at the end of November for “illegal intelligence activities.” His partner, suspected of being an accomplice, has been released but remains under investigation.

According to Swedish authorities, the arrests are not related to the trial of the Kia brothers.

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Ukraine admitted that Russia may announce a general mobilization

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“They can strengthen their positions. We understand that this can happen. At the same time, we do not rule out that they will announce a general mobilization,” Danilov said in an interview with the Ukrainska Pravda online publication.

Danilov believed that this mobilization would also be convened “to exterminate as many as possible” of Russian citizens, so that “they would no longer have any problems on their territory.”

In this sense, Danilov also reminded that Russia has not given up on securing control over Kyiv or the idea of ​​the complete “destruction” of Ukraine. “We have to be ready for anything,” he said.

“I want everyone to understand that [os russos] they have not given up on the idea of ​​destroying our nation. If they don’t have Kyiv in their hands, they won’t have anything in their hands, we must understand this,” continued Danilov, who also did not rule out that a new Russian offensive would come from “Belarus and other territories.” .

As such, Danilov praised the decision of many of its residents who chose to stay in the Ukrainian capital when the war broke out in order to defend the city.

“They expected that there would be panic, that people would run, that there would be nothing to protect Kyiv,” he added, referring to President Volodymyr Zelensky.

The military offensive launched on February 24 by Russia in Ukraine caused at least 6.5 million internally displaced persons and more than 7.8 million refugees to European countries, which is why the UN classifies this migration crisis as the worst in Europe since World War II (1939-1945). gg.). ).

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At the moment, 17.7 million Ukrainians are in need of humanitarian assistance, and 9.3 million are in need of food aid and housing.

The Russian invasion, justified by Russian President Vladimir Putin on the need to “denazify” and demilitarize Ukraine for Russia’s security, was condemned by the international community at large, which responded by sending weapons to Ukraine and imposing political and economic sanctions on Russia.

The UN has presented as confirmed 6,755 civilian deaths and 10,607 wounded since the beginning of the war, stressing that these figures are much lower than the real ones.

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