World
The million carats that make Antwerp and the world shine
“Diamonds are a woman’s best friend,” sang Marilyn Monroe in the 1953 film Men Prefer Blondes. But in fact, this gem is popular all over the world because of its value and rarity, as it is extremely profitable for business.
So much so that his connections to smuggling have already been portrayed in several films, such as 007 – Diamonds Are Forever, 1971, in which the famous character James Bond is dedicated to investigating the theft of large quantities of diamonds in South Africa for smuggling. Or in 2006’s Blood Diamond, which addresses the problem of diamonds mined in African war zones and sold to finance conflicts.
The greed for these gems is such that one of the greatest thefts in history has been associated with diamonds. In November 2019, priceless diamond jewelry was stolen from the Grünes Gewölbe Museum in Dresden, Germany.
The museum, which is known for its one of the most important collections of antique jewelry in Europe, claimed at the time to be “the largest art theft since World War II”, surpassing the theft at the Gardner Museum in Boston, USA. resulting in a loss of $ 500 million (€ 454 million).
And these stones can cost truly exorbitant prices. In 2015, a blue diamond weighing about 12.03 carats was sold at Sotheby’s in Geneva for a record price of 43.2 million Swiss francs (about 40 million euros). This was the “highest price per carat” ever achieved for diamonds.
In the same year, another diamond was discovered at the Karow mine in Botswana – Lesedi la Rona, which was sold at Sotheby’s in London in 2016. It was expected to reach a value of over 60 million euros. It weighs 1,109 carats (222 grams), is almost the size of a tennis ball, and is the largest diamond discovered in over a century.
In September 2016, the most expensive diamond in history was bought by De Grisogono at a private Sothebys auction in London for 56 million euros. It was named “Constellation”, weighs 813 carats, has a size of 6 centimeters and was found in Botswana.
Cullinan, the largest diamond ever discovered, weighed about 3,106 carats and was discovered on January 26, 1905 by Frederick Wells, manager of the Premier Mine in South Africa.
Although there are no diamond mines on the European continent, the truth is that the search for the perfect diamond has always been associated with the city of Antwerp, Belgium. A place of utmost importance for international trade, legally recognized as the capital of this gem. But countless jewelry stores and the arrival and departure of Orthodox Jews from the streets do justice to this distinction: about 86% of the world’s diamond trade takes place here.
The diamond trade in this port city began about 500 years ago, when the first rough stones were brought from India. Gradually, local diamond traders and cutters became known for their attention to detail and rich selection. So much so that in the 16th century even King Francis I of France began ordering his diamonds from cutters set up in Antwerp, not Paris.
The renowned diamond district of Antwerp is home to four of the world’s most important diamond markets: Beurs Voor Dianthandel, Diamond Club Van Antwerpen, Vrije Dianthandel and Antwerpse Diamantkring, each specializing in different types of diamonds, be they rough, polished or rough. It is also the hub for all the major diamond miners who supply diamonds to thousands of dealers around the world.
Also in the heart of the city, on Hoveniersstraat, is the Antwerp World Diamond Center (AWDC), one of the companies that officially represents and coordinates the diamond sector, in charge of managing imports and exports of diamonds. inside and outside Antwerp. But how can such a city become the most obvious place for the international diamond trade?
According to DIVA, the Antwerp Museum of Diamonds, Jewelry and Silver, at the end of the 15th century, the diamond trade was centralized in India, and Portuguese Sephardi Jews were involved in this activity as it was one of the few that they did not do. prohibited due to historical persecution. When they were expelled from Portugal in the 16th century, they took refuge in Belgium and moved the business to Antwerp because of the seaport.
Its strategic location on the Scheldt River has direct access to the North Sea. The first evidence of the existence of a diamond trade in the city dates back to 1447. It was at this time that the city magistrate issued a decree on measures to combat the trade in counterfeit gemstones, including diamonds.
Later, after the end of World War II, the Jewish community dominated the industry, elevating Antwerp to the status of the diamond capital. Today, about 1,500 diamond companies are headquartered in the Belgian city, and their partners work in mines in South Africa, Australia, Russia and Canada that ship diamonds to Antwerp.
However, there are other places that are starting to stand out in the diamond business. One of them is Dubai in the United Arab Emirates. According to the Dubai Multi Commodities Center (DMCC), the city had $ 21.2 billion in diamond sales in 2019.
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World
Vladimir Putin has delayed the invasion of Ukraine at least three times.
Putin has repeatedly consulted with Russian Chief of the General Staff Valery Gerasimov and Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu about the invasion, Europa Press told Ukraine’s chief intelligence director Vadim Skibitsky.
According to Skibitsky, it was the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB), which is responsible for counterintelligence and espionage work, that put pressure on Gerasimov and other military agencies to agree to launch an offensive. .
However, according to the Ukrainian intelligence services, the FSB considered that by the end of February sufficient preparations had already been made to guarantee the success of the Russian Armed Forces in a lightning invasion.
However, according to Kyiv, the Russian General Staff provided the Russian troops with supplies and ammunition for only three days, hoping that the offensive would be swift and immediately successful.
The head of Ukrainian intelligence also emphasized the cooperation of local residents, who always provided the Ukrainian authorities with up-to-date information about the Russian army, such as the number of soldiers or the exact location of troops.
The military offensive launched on February 24 by Russia in Ukraine caused at least 6.5 million internally displaced persons and more than 7.8 million refugees to European countries, which is why the UN classifies this migration crisis as the worst in Europe since World War II (1939-1945). gg.). ).
At the moment, 17.7 million Ukrainians are in need of humanitarian assistance, and 9.3 million are in need of food aid and housing.
The UN has presented as confirmed 6,755 civilian deaths and 10,607 wounded since the beginning of the war, stressing that these figures are much lower than the real ones.
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World
Life sentence for former Swedish official for spying for Russia
A Stockholm court on Monday sentenced a former Swedish intelligence officer to life in prison for spying for Russia, and his brother to at least 12 years in prison. In what is considered one of the most serious cases in Swedish counterintelligence history, much of the trial took place behind closed doors in the name of national security.
According to the prosecution, it was Russian military intelligence, the GRU, who took advantage of the information provided by the two brothers between 2011 and their arrest at the end of 2021.
Peyman Kia, 42, has held many senior positions in the Swedish security apparatus, including the army and his country’s intelligence services (Säpo). His younger brother, Payam, 35, is accused of “participating in the planning” of the plot and of “managing contacts with Russia and the GRU, including passing on information and receiving financial rewards.”
Both men deny the charges, and their lawyers have demanded an acquittal on charges of “aggravated espionage,” according to the Swedish news agency TT.
The trial coincides with another case of alleged Russian espionage, with the arrest of the Russian-born couple in late November in a suburb of Stockholm by a police team arriving at dawn in a Blackhawk helicopter.
Research website Bellingcat identified them as Sergei Skvortsov and Elena Kulkova. The couple allegedly acted as sleeper agents for Moscow, having moved to Sweden in the late 1990s.
According to Swedish press reports, the couple ran companies specializing in the import and export of electronic components and industrial technology.
The man was again detained at the end of November for “illegal intelligence activities.” His partner, suspected of being an accomplice, has been released but remains under investigation.
According to Swedish authorities, the arrests are not related to the trial of the Kia brothers.
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World
Ukraine admitted that Russia may announce a general mobilization
“They can strengthen their positions. We understand that this can happen. At the same time, we do not rule out that they will announce a general mobilization,” Danilov said in an interview with the Ukrainska Pravda online publication.
Danilov believed that this mobilization would also be convened “to exterminate as many as possible” of Russian citizens, so that “they would no longer have any problems on their territory.”
In this sense, Danilov also reminded that Russia has not given up on securing control over Kyiv or the idea of the complete “destruction” of Ukraine. “We have to be ready for anything,” he said.
“I want everyone to understand that [os russos] they have not given up on the idea of destroying our nation. If they don’t have Kyiv in their hands, they won’t have anything in their hands, we must understand this,” continued Danilov, who also did not rule out that a new Russian offensive would come from “Belarus and other territories.” .
As such, Danilov praised the decision of many of its residents who chose to stay in the Ukrainian capital when the war broke out in order to defend the city.
“They expected that there would be panic, that people would run, that there would be nothing to protect Kyiv,” he added, referring to President Volodymyr Zelensky.
The military offensive launched on February 24 by Russia in Ukraine caused at least 6.5 million internally displaced persons and more than 7.8 million refugees to European countries, which is why the UN classifies this migration crisis as the worst in Europe since World War II (1939-1945). gg.). ).
At the moment, 17.7 million Ukrainians are in need of humanitarian assistance, and 9.3 million are in need of food aid and housing.
The Russian invasion, justified by Russian President Vladimir Putin on the need to “denazify” and demilitarize Ukraine for Russia’s security, was condemned by the international community at large, which responded by sending weapons to Ukraine and imposing political and economic sanctions on Russia.
The UN has presented as confirmed 6,755 civilian deaths and 10,607 wounded since the beginning of the war, stressing that these figures are much lower than the real ones.
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